糖基转移酶与炎症性肠病的研究进展

Research progress of glycosyltransferase and inflammatory bowel disease

目前炎症性肠病主要认为与遗传、感染、环境和免疫因素等有关,其中黏膜免疫遗传在持续肠道炎症中起着重要作用。糖基转移酶是糖基化过程的关键酶。糖基转移酶所催化的糖基化产物在炎症反应、免疫系统、肿瘤转移以及细菌定植和感染等都有重要作用。糖基转移酶在炎症性肠病中作用机制尚未完全探明,本文将现有关于糖基转移酶与炎症性肠病的研究进行综述。目前发现,岩藻糖基转移酶2、岩藻糖基转移酶8、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶V和core 1β1,3-半乳糖基转移酶特定的分子伴侣(C1GALT1C1)等在炎症性肠病发病机制中有重要作用。糖基化在蛋白翻译后修饰占有重要作用,因此我们相信糖基转移酶会是解开炎症性肠病的分子机制的重要一环。

Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） is currently considered to be a complex disease which arises as a result of the interaction of genetic, infectious, environmental and immunological factors leading to inflammatory responses in the intestinal tract. Amongst these factors are the immunological and the genetic factors of the most importance. Glycosyltransferases （ GTs） are key enzymes of glycosylation. The products catalyzed by GTs play a pivotal role in pathological processes including inflammatory response, immune system,tumor metastasis as well as bacterial colonization and infection, etc. However, the particular role of GTs in IBD remains unclear. In this paper, recent studies on the relationship between IBD and GTs will be reviewed. It has been proved so far that fucosyltransferase 2,alpha （1,6） fucosyltransferase, N- acetylglucosaminyltransferase V （ GnT-V ） and core 1 pi, 3 -galactosyltransferase - specific chaperone 1 （Cl GALT1 Cl） are associated with IBD. Since glycosylation plays an important role in post-translational protein modification,we hypothesize then studies on GTs may uncover the etiological mechanism of IBD.