一种基于分簇的改进ZRP路由协议

Improved ZRP routing protocol based on clustering

车联网(VANET)是Ad Hoc网络技术在车载环境下的具体应用,由于其网络拓扑频繁变化、节点快速移动、路由开销较大等原因,传统路由协议无法有效适用于车联网,新型路由协议的研究成为更具挑战性的热点。针对车辆网中ZRP协议规定任意节点都可划分为区域而导致分区高度重叠的问题,提出一种能够适用于车联网的基于分簇的改进ZRP路由协议,该协议用分层网络中的分簇来取代ZRP路由协议中的分区,以道路上行驶速度较慢的货车(客车)为簇首,两跳范围内的普通车辆根据分簇算法成为簇成员等方法实行主动式分簇,来降低簇生成算法的计算量,减少路由维护开销及端对端时延,增加分组投递率。采用OPNET仿真工具对改进的协议进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明,相比传统的ZRP路由协议,新改进协议的路由开销降低了20%,端对端时延降低29%,分组投递率提高36%。

VANET is the specific application ol Ad Hoc network technology in the automotive environment, because its network topology changes frequently, node last moving and routing overhead, The traditional routing protocols are unable to adapt to the VANET,the new routing protocol’ s research becomes more challenging. To deal with a large number of overlapping regions and other issues in traditional ZRP,a new type of ZRP routing protocol based on clustering was presented, which used concept of cluster in the hierarchical network to replace the partition of traditional ZRP protocol, the new protocol uses this approach that set the truck （ or bus） to become cluster head and according to the clustering algorithm to make the ordinary vehicle becomes cluster members in the two hop range to reduce calculated amount of clustering algorithm,routing overhead, end- to-end delay and increase the packet delivery fraction. The implementation on 0 PNET simulation was also propoesd. The results show that compared with the traditional ZRP routing protocol,the new protocol routing overhead was reduced by 20%, end- to-end delay was reduced by 29%,packet delivery fraction increased by 36% .