从教科书管窥民国后期四川中等数学教学

A Probe into the Secondary Mathematics Teaching of Sichuan from the Textbooks in Use During the Late Period of the Republic of China

采用文献分析法,找出清末与民国后期四川使用较广泛的教科书,对比研究二者的不同之处,包括内容的呈现、概念的表述、例子的选择的特点.通过其与《复兴初级中学教科书》的对比,辅以四川地区对该套教材的使用情况分析,从教科书研究的角度呈现民国后期的四川中等数学教学情况.结果显示:民国后期四川初等数学的教学,更加重视学生的所得所需,重视学生的认知发展水平,重视爱国教育,注重学生日后的数学发展,注重实用性,重视图形的运用,其中的许多理念与特点,时至今日依然受用.

Through literature analysis,the most widely used textbooks of the Later Qing dynasty and the later period of the Republic of China were collected,and a comparison of the two kinds of textbooks used in the two periods was conducted to find out about the differences in aspects like the presentation of the content,expression of concepts,the characteristics in the selection of examples.And a contrastive analysis was then made against the textbooks used by Fuxing Secondary Middle School,accompanied with an analysis of the actual situation of the secondary middle school textbooks used in Sichuan as a whole.It is found that the middle school mathematics teaching in later Republic of China in Sichuan focused more on students＇ needs,students＇ cognitive development,patriotism education,students＇ future development of mathematics,the practical use of the subject,the use of graphs and etc.,which are still of practical application till today.