前交通动脉复合体的显微解剖研究

Study of microanatomy of anterior communicating artery complex

目的观察大脑前交通动脉复合体及其穿支的形态、数目、走行和分布区域。方法选择10%福尔马林固定的硬脑膜完整的成人尸头标本12具(24侧),在手术显微镜下模拟经翼点入路或经纵裂入路对大脑前交通动脉复合体及大脑前动脉的远侧端进行显微解剖并观测。结果大脑前动脉A_1段起始部左侧管径为(2.71±0.32)mm,右侧(2.29±0.46)mm;左侧A_1段长度为(13.75±1.88)mm,右侧(13.16±1.34)mm;左右A_1段变异率达16.67%。大脑前动脉A_2段直径左侧为(2.56±0.56)mm,右侧为(2.56±0.64)mm。24支A_2段未见缺如及不成对。12具标本双侧均有Heubner回返动脉,无缺如及明显发育不良,长度为20.62~38.04 mm,平均为26.82 mm。结论了解前交通动脉复合体的解剖有助于指导该部位病变的手术治疗。

Objective To observe the anterior communicating artery complex （ACoA） morphology and its perforating branches number, running and regional distribution. Methods The microanatomy of ACoA complexes and distal ends of anterior cerebral arteries was observed and the relative structures were measured in 12 adult cadaveric heads fixed by 10% formalin. Results The diameter [（2.71± 0.32） mm] of the originating part of A1 section of the left anterior cerebral artery was bigger than that [（2.29±0.46） ram] of the right one. The lengths of A1 sections of the left and right anterior cerebral arteries were （13.75±1.88） mm and （13.16± 1.34） mm respectively. A, sections of both the anterior cerebral arteries were connected by the ACoA which always was very short due to the variation. The number and length of Heubner returning arteries were different from each other among the 12 cadaveric head. Conclusion The understanding of knowledge of the variety of ACoA complex morphology observed by the present study is helpful to the surgery for the foci nearby the ACoA complex.