经济泡沫、保险自由化与改革:日本保险业的发展历程

Economic Bubble,Insurance Liberalization and Reform:The Development of Japanese Insurance Industry

日本保险业起源于明治维新时代,20世纪60年代到70年代间得到了快速发展,80年代人寿保险业和财产保险业的保费收入与资产总额都已处于世界领先地位。然而20世纪90年代,日本经济泡沫破灭和保险自由化对日本保险业产生了巨大影响和严重冲击,9家大型保险公司相继破产,日本保险业经历了一系列重大改革和兼并重组,直到21世纪初,日本保险业才逐渐走出危机阴影。总体而言,日本保险业经历了繁荣发展,也遭受了经济泡沫和保险自由化的冲击,在危机后推行改革并取得一定成效。中国保险业在当前自由化趋势和资本驱动负债发展模式背景下可以日本为借鉴。

The Japanese insurance market began in the era of the Meiji restoration, which got to rapid development during the 1960s - 1970s. In the 1980s, life insurance industry and non - life insurance industry whose premium incomes and total assets have became a world leader, are examples to the southeast A- sian countries to follow. However, in the 1990s,the burst of the economic bubble and liberalization of in- surance had a huge impact and serious shock on Japanese insurance market with nine insurance companies being bankrupt. Japanese insurance industry experienced a series of great reform, merger and rehabilitation. Until the beginning of the 21 st century, the Japanese insurance industry walked out the crisis shadow. Japan insurance industry underwent the process of being flourishing, also suffered the damage of economic bubble and insurance liberalization, and made progress when reform took into effects after financial crisis. Suggestions for the current trend of liberalization in Chinese insurance industry and capital - driven liabilities development mode are also proposed.