4R危机管理理论对住院皮肤病患者皮肤感染的影响

Effect of 4Rcrisis management theory on skin infection in hospitalized patients with skin diseases

目的探究4R危机管理理论对住院皮肤病患者皮肤感染的影响,以期为临床治疗提供参考。方法选取2014年3月-2015年3月医院收治82例住院皮肤病患者为研究对象,根据患者入院时间前后将其分为观察组和对照组,入院时间较早的前41例患者为对照组,给予常规皮肤干预,其余41例患者为观察组,采用4R危机管理理论进行皮肤干预,对比两组患者压疮、各类皮肤问题发生率,皮肤感染率和干预工作质量。结果观察组患者皮肤危险度评估、压疮上报率和会诊率均显著高于对照组患者,压疮发生率低于对照组患者;观察组患者湿疹、皮肤破损、冻伤/烫伤的发生率显著低于对照组患者,观察组患者院外压疮好转率为4.86%高于对照组患者的2.43%;观察组和对照组患者住院期间感染率分别为9.75%和29.26%,观察组显著低于对照组;观察组患者干预工作质量的岗位合理性、皮肤干预技能、皮肤风险预防知识均显著优于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论住院皮肤病患者经4R危机管理理论干预能够显著降低各类皮肤问题的发生率,降低皮肤感染率。

OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of 4Rcrisis management theory on skin infection of hospitalized patients with skin diseases,so as to provide guidances for clinical treatment.METHODS A total of 82 cases of hospitalized patients with skin diseases from Mar.2014 to Mar.2015 in our hospital were selected as research objects,and were divided into observation group and control group according to the time of admission.The first 41 patients who were hospitalized earlier were selected as control group,and were given skin routine intervention.The other 41 cases of patients were selected as observation group,and were treated by 4Rcrisis management theory interventions for skin.The pressure ulcer incidence,the incidence of various types of skin problems,skin infection rates,the quality of intervention of the two groups of patients were compared.RESULTS The skin damage degree evaluation,pressure ulcer reporting rate and pressure sores consultation rate of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group,and the incidence of pressure sores was lower than that of control group.The eczema,skin damage,and incidence of frostbite/burn of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group.The pressure ulcer improvement rate outside the hospital of observation group was4.86%,which was higher than that of control group of 2.43%.The infection rates of observation group and control group were respectively 9.75%and 29.26% during hospitalization,and the rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group.The intervention work quality of post rationality,intervention skills of skin,and skin risk prevention knowledge of observation group were significantly better than those of control group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSIONThe 4Rcrisis management theory can significantly reduce the incidence of various types of skin problems and reduce the incidence of skin infection.