不锈钢粉尘的物理化学特性分析

Analysis of physical and chemical characteristics of stainless steel dust

不锈钢粉尘是一种产生量大、粒度细小、杂质含量高、极具回收利用价值的二次资源。为了开发不锈钢粉尘高效利用工艺,采用化学分析、XRD、扫描电镜等方法,对EAF和AOD不锈钢除粉尘的化学成分、粒度、物相组成、Cr^(6+)浸出及微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明,不锈钢粉尘中Ni、Cr、Fe含量较高,且均以氧化物形式存在;粉尘中的主要物相有铬铁尖晶石、磁铁矿、钙镁橄榄石、石英及石灰等;粉尘中的Cr^(6+)含量极少,低于国家危险废弃物的限制要求,但高于饮用水国家标准。

Stainless steel dust is a kind of secondary utilization resource with large output,small particle size,high impurity content and great recycling value.For efficient utilization of stainless steel dust,chemical components,particle size,phase composition,leaching experiment and microstructures of EAF and AOD dust were studied by chemical analysis,XRD,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The results show that Ni,Cr and Fe are enriched in stainless steel dust and existing in the form of oxide.The phase compositions of dust mainly include chromohercynite,magnetite,monticellite,silica and lime etc.The dust contains rarely Cr^（6＋）which is lower than the requirement of the national hazardous waste,but is slightly higher than the national standard for drinking water.