基于专用性投资的供应链联盟中间产品价格形成分析

供应链市场竞争力的提高要求供应商投资于专用于核心企业的专用性资产。专用性资产投入后,不同的中间产品价格形成机制对应不同的治理结构。供应链联盟中间产品价格的形成基础是联盟的长期合作关系。与传统市场的市场价相比较,联盟的合作价更低,但与一体化企业内部转移价格相比较,联盟的合作价更高。联盟合作关系维持的方式有提供抵押、相互的风险暴露以及企业商誉保证等。核心企业提供的抵押越充足或者商誉资本越大,供应商索求的中间产品价格就越低。从经济效率角度评判,与传统市场价格相比,联盟价格的形成方式符合生产的效率标准。

The improvement of market competitiveness of supply chain requires the supplier to make the investments in specific assets dedicated to the core enterprise. Once specific assets have been invested, different price formation mechanisms of interme- diate products correspond to different governance structures. In the supply chain alliance, the long-term relationship is the basis of the price formation mechanism of intermediate products. Compared with the market price in the traditional mar- kets, the cooperation price of the alliance is lower; while compared with the internal transfer price within integrated enter- prises, the cooperation price of the alliance is higher. The relationship maintenance of the alliance means to offer mortgage, the mutual risk exposure or corporate reputation. The more sufficient mortgages the core enterprise offers or the higher rep- utation capital the core enterprise possesses, the lower intermediate products price the supplier claims. From the perspec- tive of economic efficiency, the price formation mechanism of intermediate products in the alliance accords with the stan- dard of production efficiency.