单/双光束激光焊接熔池行为及焊缝成形特性比较

Comparative Study of Molten Pool Behavior and Weld Formation Characteristic in Single/Dual Beam Laser Welding

以不锈钢为研究对象,对比研究了单、双光束激光焊接过程中的熔池形态和焊缝形貌,建立了二者之间的相关性。结果表明,单、双光束激光焊接具有不同的熔池形态演变过程,光斑间距会影响双光束激光焊接熔池尺寸及焊缝形貌。双光束焊接过程中匙孔之间的相互作用垂直于双光斑连线方向,形成强烈的熔体流动,而单光束焊接熔体向匙孔周围均匀流动。熔体流动方式的不同是导致单、双光束焊缝形貌差异的关键。

With stainless steel as research target, the molten pool shape and weld morphology during the process of single/dual beam laser welding are comparatively studied, and the relationship between both of them is established. The results indicate that the evolution processes of molten pool shape are different for single and dual beam laser welding and the molten pool size and weld morphology of dual beam laser welding are influenced by the spot spacing. As for the process of dual beam laser welding, the interaction of two keyholes is perpendicular to the connection line of the two laser beams which induces an enhanced melt flow, while as for that of single beam laser welding, the melts flow radiantly and evenly from the keyhole. The difference between melt flow patterns is the key to induce the difference in weld morphology under single/dual beam laser welding.