汞污染土壤修复技术的研究进展

Review of research progress on the remediation technology of mercury contaminated soil

在造成土壤污染的重金属中,汞以其来源多、传播广、毒性大等特点,已经引起世界各国环境工作者的高度重视.随着近代工业的发展,土壤系统中汞的排放量增长显著,对土壤环境安全造成较大的威胁,也对土壤修复工作提出迫切的要求.结合土壤修复技术研究现状,本文分别对汞的来源、土壤中汞的主要赋存状态及修复方法进行综述,重点介绍不同汞污染土壤的修复方法,如淋洗法、稳定化/固化法、热处理法、电动修复法、纳米技术法、生物修复法等国内外最新研究进展,并对今后汞污染土壤的修复技术提出展望,为从事土壤修复、环境保护与治理的科研工作者提供有效参考.

Among heavy metals which contaminate soil,mercury has caused the attention of environmentalists because of its properties of wide spreading and high toxicity. Moreover,along with the development of modern industry,a great amount of mercury has been discharged into soil. This not only poses great threat on environmental security,but also puts forward urgent requirements for soil remediation. In combination with the research status of soil remediation,the origin and main species of mercury in contaminated soil are introduced. Remediation methods such as soil washing,soil stabilization / solidification,heat treatment,electrokinetic remediation,nanotechnology and biological techniques are systematically reviewed. The development prospect is put forward as a result,providing effective reference for environmentalists.