云南鲜铁皮石斛及其不同加工品主要质量指标研究

Study on main quality items of fresh Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo from Yunnan province and its different processed products

目的测定并分析鲜铁皮石斛主要质量指标水分、浸出物、多糖和甘露糖含量,并比较与铁皮石斛不同加工品之间的差异。方法采集24批次云南省鲜铁皮石斛样品,参照2015版《中国药典》铁皮石斛质量标准,对鲜铁皮石斛多糖和甘露糖含量方法进行方法学验证,测定样品采收后7日内的水分、浸出物、多糖和甘露糖含量;并以鲜铁皮石斛为原料,比对高温烘烤卷曲制得铁皮枫斗、常压低温(45℃)鼓风烘干制得铁皮石斛片、真空冷冻干燥制得铁皮石斛粉三种不同加工品上述四个主要质量指标差异。结果鲜铁皮石斛水分平均含量为82%±3.8%,浸出物平均含量为7.7%±1.3%,多糖平均含量为41.1%±9.6%,甘露糖平均含量为31.5%±7.6%;三种不同加工品中常压低温鼓风烘干所得铁皮石斛片浸出物、多糖及甘露糖含量最高,而高温烘烤卷曲制得铁皮枫斗最低。结论鲜铁皮石斛多糖、甘露糖定量分析方法重复性好,可实现对鲜铁皮石斛进行质量控制的目的,其主要质量指标浸出物、多糖和甘露糖含量,符合《中国药典》铁皮石斛项下要求;常压低温加工方式有利于保持铁皮石斛主要质量指标值,但与铁皮石斛生物活性关系还有待进一步研究,。该研究可为铁皮石斛新产品开发提供参考依据。

Objective To identify and analyze main quality items of moisture , extract, polysaccharide and mannose contents in fresh Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, also to compare with its different processed products for these main quality items. Methods We collected 24 samples of fresh Dendrobium officinale fromYunnan province, referring 2015 edition of ＂Chinese Pharmacopoeia＂ to verify the detection method of the polysaccharide and mannose contents of the samples. The content of moisture, extract, polysaccharide and mannose were tested in 7 days after sample gathering. Then using one fresh Dendrobium officinale as raw material, to compare the differences of above- mentioned four key quality indicators in the Dendrobium officinale prepared by high temperature baking curl, the Dendrobium officinale sheet obtained by atmospheric low temperature （45 ℃） blast drying, the Dendrobium officinale powder prepared by vacuum freeze-dried. Results The average content of fresh Dendrobium officinale of moisture, extract, polysaccharide and mannose were 82% ± 3.8%, 7.7% ± 1.3%, 41.1% ± 9.6%, 31.5% ± 7.6%; in three different processing products, Dendrobium officinale sheet prepared by atmospheric low-temperature drying got the highest content of extract, polysaccharide and mannose, while the Dendrobium officinale prepared by high- temperature baking curl got lowest contents. Conclusion The quantitative analysis method of polysaccharides, mannose of the fresh Dendrobium officinale repeated well, achieved for controlling the quality of fresh Dendrobium officinale, and the main quality indicators of fresh Dendrobium officinale in line with the ＂Chinese Pharmacopoeia＂ requirement. Atmospheric low temperature processing method is conducive to maintaining the main quality index value of Dendrobium officinale, but the relationship between the biological activity of Dendrobium officinale need for further study. This study could provide reference for the development of new products.