寻衅滋事罪的治理路径

The Governance Path of Defiance and Affray Crime

作为传统"口袋罪"中的代表性罪名,除了存在这一类罪名产生的共有因素之外,寻衅滋事罪具有自身独特的产生语境。由于同时具有流氓罪的遗留特征,需要价值判断的多个情节要素,涵盖行为类型的多样性,司法解释进一步明确指引功能的缺失,以及司法实践中"量刑反制定罪"思维等多方面的特殊因素,寻衅滋事罪最终沦为了典型的"口袋罪"。其本质上是故意伤害罪、敲诈勒索罪、故意毁害财物罪、聚众扰乱公共秩序罪等多个罪名的兜底性罪名。司法实践中,寻衅滋事罪存在着侵犯其他罪名以及一般违法规定的强势特征,进而沦为了"他罪不能"时的候补角色。基于寻衅滋事罪立法规定方面的模糊性与抽象性,以及其面临的司法实践方面的危机,必须采取刑事司法、刑事立法与刑事司法理念相结合,分层次、有阶段的路径对其进行有效的治理。

As a typical accusation of traditional＂catch all crime＂, defiance and affray crime has its own context excluding the common crime reason of this kind of crime. Defiance and affray crime, the legacy of traditional ＂catch all crime＂, is a superposition of requiring many plot elements of value judgment, covering diversity of behavior types, missing the guidance function of judicial interpretation and the thought of＂reverse restriction of conviction to sentencing＂in judicial practice. It is essentially a miscellaneous charge of intentional assault, extortion crime, deliberately harm property crime and the crime of gathering to disturb social order. In judicial practice, this charge has the strong character of infringing other charges and general law rules. It has essentially become a candidate role of＂other charges can＇t play a role＂. Based on the vagueness and abstraction of defiance and affray crime as well as the crisis facing in judicial practice, it is a must to take hierarchical and staged measures to govern this charge such as combination of criminal justice, criminal legislation and criminal judicial idea.