中国棉花产业发展现状与未来展望

Development Status Quo of China's Cotton Industry and Its Outlook

近年来,由于种植成本上涨、种植收益下降,植棉意愿下降,中国棉花种植面积持续下滑。同时,国产棉花品质不高,难以满足棉纺织企业产品升级的需要。从棉花生产、棉花消费、棉花品质等方面深入分析了中国棉花产业发展现状,探讨了产业发展面临的困境。并对中国棉花产业予以了展望,棉花种植面积将进一步缩减,棉花生产将向集约化、规模化、机械化发展,棉价波动将趋于频繁,中高等级棉花的供给将逐步增加。最后提出了促进棉花产业发展的相关建议:一是培育优质棉花新品种,推广提质增效栽培技术;二是完善政策机制,实现市场有效调控。

In recent years, due to planting cost increase and planting income decline, cotton planting willingness declined, and the planting area of China＇s cotton continued declining. Meanwhile, the quality of domestic cotton was not high, and it was difficult to meet the needs of cotton textile enterprises to upgrade the product. From cotton production, cotton consumption, cotton quality and other aspects, the developmental situation of China＇s cotton industry was analyzed in depth, and the plight of industrial development was discussed. In addition, the authors gave a prospect for China＇s cotton industry, for instant, the planting area of cotton would be further reduced; the cotton production would develop towards intensified, large-scale and mechanized; the fluctuations of cotton price would become more frequent; the supply of medium and high grade cotton would gradually increase. Finally, some suggestions were put forward to promote the development of cotton industry： one is to cultivate new varieties of high quality cotton and to spread cultivation techniques of improving performance; the other is to improve the policy mechanism to achieve effective regulation and control of the market.