剪切增稠液阻尼器隔冲性能的实验研究

Experimental Study of Shock Isolation Performance of Shear Thickening Fluid Damper

剪切增稠液在外载作用下粘度会迅速增大,基于剪切增稠液研制而成的阻尼器具有阻尼力大、响应快速、无能耗等优点,在阻尼耗能和冲击防护设备中具有重要的应用前景。本文使用振动台模拟半正弦脉冲信号,对集成剪切增稠液阻尼器的单自由度系统在不同冲击条件下的响应加速度和相对位移进行了研究,比较了冲击脉冲幅值和频率比对冲击隔离的影响,讨论了不同冲击条件下的系统阻尼比,得到了剪切增稠液阻尼器安装方式对其冲击隔离性能的影响。结果显示:冲击脉冲幅值对响应加速度幅值比影响不大;加速度幅值比随冲击脉冲频率比增大而迅速减小,相对位移幅值随频率比增大先减小再略微增大,然后继续减小;当剪切增稠液阻尼器横向安装时,其响应加速度幅值比更小,当安装夹角增大时,相对位移随之减小,系统阻尼比迅速增大。研究表明,剪切增稠液阻尼器能够提高单自由系统的冲击隔离性能。

When shear thickening fluid （STF） is subjected to external load, its viscosity will increase rapidly. The damper based on shear thickening fluid has the advantages of large damping force, rapid response and no energy dissipation. It has important application prospects in damping energy dissipation and shock protection equipment. In this paper, vibration table was used to simulate half sine pulse signal. The response acceleration and relative displacement of a single degree of freedom system composed of integrated shear thickening fluid damper were studied under different impact conditions. The effect of shock pulse amplitude and frequency ratio on shock isolation was compared. The damping ratio of the system was discussed under different impact conditions. The influence of the installation of shear thickening fluid damper on its shock isolation performance was obtained. Results show that the impact pulse amplitude has little effect on the amplitude ratio of response acceleration; the acceleration amplitude ratio decreases rapidly with the increase of impulse frequency ratio; the relative displacement amplitude decreases first and then increases slightly with the increase of frequency ratio, then continually decreases; when shear thickening fluid damper is installed horizontally, the response acceleration amplitude becomes smaller; when mounting angle increases, the relative displacement decreases, and the system damping ratio increases rapidly. Study results show that the shear thickening fluid damper can improve the shock isolation performance of single degree of freedom system.