维吾尔族中小学生眼压相关因素分析

Intraocular pressure and its correlated factors in Uygurs students in primary and secondary schools

目的探讨维吾尔族中小学生眼压（intraocular pressure，IOP）与性别、年龄、中央角膜厚度、屈光度的相关关系。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的研究方法，以2011年克拉玛依市不同民族中小学生近视眼流行病学调查资料中，分层整群随机抽取维吾尔族中小学生6～18岁完整资料326例（652只眼）为研究对象，进行统计分析。结果维吾尔族中小学生中位眼压为17．0mmHg，平均中央角膜厚度（545．17±34．87）μm。IOP在男、女生间差异无统计学意义（Z=-1．651，P=0．099），眼压、中央角膜厚度在不同年龄组间比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=29．517，P=0．000；F=5．625，P=0．000），眼压在不同屈光状态间比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=-8．057，P=O．018）。采用Spearman相关分析，IOP与年龄差异具有统计学意义（r=0．202，P=O．000），IOP与中央角膜厚度差异具有统计学意义（r=0．453，P=0．000），中央角膜厚度与年龄差异具有统计学意义（r=0．139，P=0．000）。结论维吾尔族中小学生眼压与中央角膜厚度呈正相关，与年龄同样呈正相关。临床工作中需要综合以上因素分析中小学生的眼压变化，并通过对其眼压的变化情况的了解，达到预示其眼的屈光状态的变化。同时对近视、高眼压的治疗及预防有所帮助。

Objective To discuss the correlations between intraocular pressure （lOP） and gender, age, central corneal thickness （CCT）, diopter, in Uyghurs students in primary and secondary schools. Methods This study used stratified cluster random sampling. Random 326 cases of complete informa- tion （652） of Uyghur primary and secondary students based on 2011 Karamay primary myopia in dif- ferent ethnic groups in the epidemiological survey for statistical analysis. Results The median of lOP was 17.0mmHg, The mean of CCT was （545.17±34.87）μm. There was no significant difference between boys and girls on lOP （z =-1.651, P =0.099）. There was statistically significance during the IOP, central corneal thickness between different ages （X^2 =29.517, P =0.000; F =5.625, P =0.000）, There was statistically significance between Different refractive states （Z2 =8.057, P =0.018）. Using Spearman correlation analysis, IOP was correlated with age （r =0.202, P =0.000）, IOP was correlated with CCT （r =0.453, P =0.000）, CCT was correlated with age （r =0.139, P =0.000）. Conclusions There is direct linear correlation between lOP and CCT, also lOP is correlated with age in Uyghur primary and secondary students. Analysis of the changes of intraocular pressure in primary and mid- dle school students with the above factors in clinical work, and through the understanding of the changes of the intraocular pressure indicate the change of the refractive state of the eye. At the same time, the treatment and prevention of myopia and ocular hypertension are helpful.