新疆县域城镇化的综合测度及空间分异格局分析

Comprehensive measurement and spatial differentiation pattern analysis of the county urbanization in Xinjiang

对新疆县域城镇化发展水平进行综合测度及空间分异格局进行分析,能够更好地促进新疆县域城镇化的发展,从而更好地带动新疆社会经济的发展。依据城镇化的丰富内涵,选取复合指标体系,运用熵值法对新疆县域城镇化水平进行综合测度;结合GIS自然断裂点分类法,运用SPSS中的系统聚类对新疆县域城镇化水平进行了分类。结果表明:新疆县域城镇化水平空间差异明显,北疆县域综合城镇化水平高于南疆县域综合城镇化水平,综合城镇化水平的高值区呈现出"东北-西南"一线方位上,呈倒"U"型分布,而西北、东南方位则成为城镇化发展水平的"洼地";从城镇化所包含的四个方面来看,北疆的人口城镇化、经济城镇化、地域景观城镇化均高于南疆同类城镇化水平,而在社会城镇化方面南疆则高于北疆。新疆县域综合城镇化水平并没有表现出集聚的特征,随机分布明显。把新疆县域城镇化水平划分为五类,这五种类型分别是:高城镇化水平类型区、中高城镇化水平类型区、中等城镇化水平类型区、中低城镇化水平类型区和低城镇化水平类型区。最后对影响县域城镇化发展水平的因素进行了分析。

In this paper,the comprehensive measure and spatial differentiation pattern of the urbanization development levels in the counties of Xinjiang were analyzed to give reference for better promoting the development of county urbanization and driving the development of social economy in Xinjiang. According to the rich connotation of urbanization,selecting composite index system,the paper used entropy method to comprehensively measure the level of urbanization in Xinjiang County,built-in GIS natural breaks classification and cluster analysis of SPSS to classify the urbanization levels of the counties in Xinjiang. The results show the spatial differences of the urbanization levels of the counties in Xinjiang are obvious,the comprehensive urbanization levels in northern counties are higher than those in the southern counties;the high value area of the comprehensive urbanization levels extends from northeast to southwest,showing an inverted＂U＂type distribution,while the northwest and southeast become an area of urbanization＂depression＂. Seen from the four aspects（population urbanization,economic urbanization,regional landscape urbanization and social urbanization）contained in urbanization,the population urbanization,economic urbanization and regional landscape urbanization in northern Xinjiang were higher than those in southern Xinjiang at the same urbanization level;but for social urbanization,it is higher in Southern Xinjiang than that in northern Xinjiang. The comprehensive urbanization level in the counties of Xinjiang does not show the characteristics of the agglomeration,but random distribution. Here,the paper divided urbanization levels of regional units into five categories including high level urbanization type zone,middle and high level urbanization type zone,middle level urbanization type zone,middle and low level urbanization type zone and low level urbanization type zone. Finally,the factors that affect the development level of county urbanization were analyzed. The results can not only enrich the theory of urban geography,but also help grasp the law of urbanization in arid areas;what＇s more,in the light of the urbanization law,it is of great significance to further promote collaboration to push forward the urbanization in arid area,narrow down the development levels of urbanization among counties,and realize the sustainable development of urbanization.