民法总则数据保护路径:概括式保护及与知识产权协调

Data protection approach in General Principles of Civil Law: generalized protection and coordination with intellectual property

从设立数据保护条款必要性等方面论证提出,《中华人民共和国民法总则(草案二次审议稿)》第124条相对其他规定,更为合理。一方面,从体系科学的角度来看,符合知识产权特征的数据已被纳入知识产权体系,并无必要将其创设为新的知识产权客体;另一方面,随着大数据产业发展,保护数据极具产业基础与时代意义,但在制度设计上,应着重考察大数据产业基础、《中华人民共和国民法总则》条文设计与既有法律体系协调以及法律实施效果等多重因素。

From the necessity of establishing the data protection clause, a conclusion that the Article 124 of General Principles of Civil Law（Draft for Second Reading） is reasonable was obtained. On one hand, from systems perspective, since the data that accords with the characteristics of intellectual property has been covered by intellectual property law, therefore there is no need to create a new subject matter of intellectual property for data; on the other hand, with the development of big data industry, legal protection for data both is of significance and based on industry development. When designing legal framework for data protection, the legislator should take big data industry development, the coordination with existing legal systems, effects of law implementation and other relevant factors into account.