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负载敏感变量泵结构建模与性能分析 被引量:12

Structural modeling and performance analysis of load-sensing variable pump
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摘要 作为现代农业装备液压系统关键零部件,负载敏感变量泵为农业绿色生产提供了保障。为深入研究负载敏感变量泵的工作性能,该文重点分析了其内部机械结构和工作机理,充分考虑了各运动部件的有效行程范围,应用现代控制理论状态空间法建立了基于边界条件的负载敏感变量泵非线性数学模型,基于Matlab/Simulink软件,采用四阶龙格-库塔算法对其稳态和动态性能进行了仿真分析,并搭建闭心式负载敏感液压系统试验平台,完成其性能试验,通过对比分析负载敏感变量泵动态特性试验与仿真结果,得到负载补偿压力误差约为0.1 MPa,验证了负载敏感变量泵非线性数学模型的正确性。试验结果表明:负载敏感变量泵输出流量和压力可实时与负载相适应,补偿压力约为1.5 MPa,可有效提高液压系统效率,减少系统发热,满足现代农业装备作业机组的田间作业需求。 In recent years, to meet the development requirements of green production and energy efficiency of modem agriculture, the closed-center load-sensing hydraulic system has been widely used in the domestic and overseas agricultural machinery because of its low energy consumption and strong adaptability. As a key power component of the hydraulic system of the modem agricultural equipment, the performance of the load-sensing variable pump plays an important role in theperformance of the whole hydraulic system. At present, the domestic scholars have mainly concentrated in the optimization and characteristics analysis of hydraulic valve, while have done little about the hydraulic pump. Therefore, this paper focusedon the mathematical modeling, performance simulation and testing of the load-sensing variable pump, which was composed ofswashplate piston pump, plunger cylinder, pressure control valve, flow control valve, load feedback check valve, and so on. Inorder to better analyze the performance of the pump, the mathematical models of these parts were established by using thepressure-flow equation, flow continuity equation, force balance equation, and so on. Taking into account the effective travelrange of the moving parts such as valve spool and swashplate, the nonlinear mathematical model of the load-sensing variablepump based on the boundary conditions was constructed by using the state space method. Then, the simulation model of thepump was established using MATLAB/Simulink based on the mathematical model. By using the fourth order Runge-Kuttaalgorithm, the steady-state and dynamic performances of the pump were simulated. At the steady state, the compensatingpressure of the variable pump was about 1.6 MPa. And in the dynamic state, the outlet pressure and swashplate angle of thepump could respectively follow the step changes of the load and system flow very well, the adjustment time of which wasabout 0.4 and 0.5 s, respectively. The simulation results showed that the load-sensing variable pump could adjust theinclination angle of the swashplate in real time according to the required flow and pressure of the load, and thus had a goodpressure-flow compensation characteristic. Finally, to verify the correctness of the mathematical model and the simulationanalysis, an indoor test platform of the load-sensing hydraulic system was built, including hydraulic pump station, proportionalcontrol valve, proportional relief valve, flowmeter, pressure sensor, and so on. The dynamic performance test of theload-sensing variable pump was carried out by using the platform. Among them, the step change of the load pressure could beachieved by controlling the proportional valve's opening pressure, while the step change in flow could be achieved bycontrolling the spool opening of the proportional relief valve. The test results showed that the load-sensitive pump could outputits required flow when the proportional valve spool encountered a step change. And when the load made a step change, theoutlet pressure of the variable pump changed almost synchronously with the load pressure. Compared with the simulationresults, the steady-state error of the compensation pressure was about 0.1 MPa, which verified the correctness of the nonlinearmathematical model of the load-sensing variable pump. It can be seen that the output flow and pressure of the load-sensingvariable pump can be adapted to the load in real time, thus effectively improving the efficiency of the hydraulic system andreducing the system heat, which meets the field work demands of the modem agricultural equipment operation unit.
出处 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第3期40-49,共10页 Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2015QC009) 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20130008110042)
关键词 计算机仿真 农业装备 负载敏感 变量泵 非线性建模 边界条件 pumps computer simulation agricultural equipment conditionload-sensing variable pump mathematical model boundary condition
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