微型电动机人字沟轴承润滑特性优化研究

Optimal Research on Lubrication Properties of the Herringbone Groove Bearings of the Micro-motors

在高速运转工况下,针对某微型电动机人字沟轴承稳定工作中能承受重载荷及减少润滑液泄漏问题,基于流体力学润滑理论及遗传优化算法,采用HBOA软件结合FORTRAN高级编程语言对轴承润滑特性参数进行优化分析。在数值分析中采用半步差分法对量纲一Reynolds（含轴承润滑特性参数）方程进行离散化处理,并在此基础上,研究了轴承在固定载荷W或固定偏心率ε工况下求解最大静、动态承载载荷量及最小静、动态润滑液泄漏量,同时搜索沟槽角度α、沟脊比γ和沟槽深度Cg等参数最优化值,而且在相同工况条件下,用试验数值和仿真数据进行比较。研究结果表明：仿真优化值和四组试验数据平均值基本相符,误差在0.054%至4.1%之间;影响轴承承载能力及润滑液泄漏量的主要参数为α和γ,且随着α和γ的增大在一定范围内其呈现增长或递减趋势,最终收敛于恒定数值,使得轴承承载能力相对于初始值增大了0.59倍至1.15倍,轴承润滑液漏量相对于初始值减少了21.9%至41.6%。

For the supporting heavy load and reducing leak of the some micro-motor herringbone bearing under the high-speed operation condition,the bearing lubrication parameters are optimally analyzed by HBOA software combined with the FORTRAN code based on the lubrication theory and the genetic optimized algorithm.In the numerical analysis,the half-step finite difference method is adopted to make the non-dimensional Reynolds equation described（including bearing lubricating property parameters）.Following the above analysis,the maximum static and dynamic bearing capacity and minimum static and dynamic lubricant leakage rate of the herringbone groove bearings with the fixed load W or fixed eccentricity ε are discussed,and the optimum value of groove angle α,groove ratio γ and groove depth Cg are solved.And under the same load conditions,the experimental dataes are compared with the simulated dates.The experimental results show that the distribution of experimental dates and simulated dates are substantially same with errors between 0.054% and 4.1%;The bearing capacity and lubricant leakage rate are impacted by the main parameters of α and γ,presenting increasing or decline trend with the increase of α and γ within a certain range,and eventually they converge to some constant values.These make the bearing capacity increased by 0.59 times to 1.15 times from the initial value and the bearing lubricant leakage rate is reduced by 21.9% to 41.6% relative to the initial value.