结核病疫情现状和控制策略

Epidemic and control strategy of tuberculosis

结核病是全球重大公共卫生问题。我国是全球22个结核病高负担国家之一,肺结核发病人数居全球第3位。本文一方面从结核病疾病负担、发病和死亡等情况描述了目前全球及我国结核病疫情现状;另一方面介绍了全球及我国结核病控制策略及其从现代结核病控制策略(DOTS)到遏制结核病策略,最后到终止结核病策略的演变发展历程。最后,阐述了目前结核病防控工作面临的问题和困难,并提出了未来我国结核病防控工作发展方向的几点建议。

Tuberculosis （TB） is a major public health issue in the world. China is one of the 22 countries with high-burden of tuberculosis, and has the third largest number of tuberculosis cases. This review describes the epidemics of tuberculosis in the world and in China from the aspects of the burden, the incidence and the mortality of TB disease, and also introduces the global and Chinese TB control strategy and its development process, including the DOTS Strategy, the Stop TB Strategy and the End TB Strategy. At last, this review expounds the problems and difficulties of the current TB prevention and control , and puts forward some suggestions for future development orientation in TB prevention and control in China.