2013年北京市丰台区腹泻病人和水产品中副溶血性弧菌带菌状况调查

Infection status of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in diarrhea patients and aquatic products in Fengtai District,Beijing,2013

目的了解北京市丰台区散发的腹泻患者和市售水产品中副溶血性弧菌感染状况及二者间的关联性。方法2013年4-10月采用随机抽样的方法采集辖区的市售水产品和肠道门诊就诊的散发腹泻病例的粪便标本,进行副溶血性弧菌的检测,然后通过脉冲场凝胶电泳分型(PFGE)的方法,对水产品和便标本中检出的副溶血性弧菌进行比对,寻找丰台区副溶血性弧菌导致的腹泻高发的原因。结果丰台区散发腹泻病例中副溶血性弧菌的感染率为13.03%,不同月份检出率(P<0.01)和不同年龄病人中的检出率(P=0.02)差异有统计学意义;丰台区市售水产品中副溶血性弧菌的检出率为32.06%,不同季节检出率(P<0.01)和不同市场所售水产品检出率(P=0.02)差异有统计学意义;但散发腹泻病例的副溶血性弧菌和市售水产品中的副溶血性弧菌的PFGE检测结果没有相关性。结论本次研究尚不能充分证明丰台区副溶血性弧菌导致的腹泻高发和市售水产品副溶血性弧菌感染之间有直接的联系,需要进一步扩大研究范围,以便探讨副溶血性弧菌导致的腹泻高发的原因。

Objective To investigate the infection status of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in sporadic diarrhea patients and aquatic products sold in markets of Fengtai District, Beijing, and to analyze the correlation between them. Methods A random sampling method was used to collect aquatic products sold in markets and stool specimens of sporadic diarrhea outpatients from intestinal departments in Fengtai District, Beijing from April to October, 2013. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis（PFGE） method was employed for comparing Vibrio parahaemolyticus in stool specimens and aquatic products so as to find out the causes of the high incidence of diarrhea induced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Fengtai District. Results The infection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the sporadic diarrhea patients in Fengtai District was 13.03%. The detection rates showed statistically significant differences among different months （P〈0.01） as well as different age groups （P=0.02）. The detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products was 32.06%, and it was significantly different among different seasons （P〈0.01） and among aquatic products from different markets（P=0.02）. But no correlation was found between the PFGE Results of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from sporadic diarrhea patients and aquatic products. Conclusions A direct link between the high incidence of diarrhea induced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection of aquatic products sold in markets of Fengtai District is not yet fully demonstrated in this study. It is necessary to expand the scope of the study so as to explore the causes of high incidence of diarrhea induced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.