曲柄压力机滑动轴瓦受力的数值模拟及测试实验

Numerical simulation and experiment on stress distribution of sliding bearing for crank press

以1600 k N伺服机械压力机的滑动轴瓦为研究对象,对轴瓦工作时的受力状态进行数值模拟分析,并采用压力测量胶片在10 k N微型压力机上进行了轴瓦受力的实验验证。结果表明,工作时轴瓦所承受的应力主要发生在其正下方区域,应力的大小从中间向两端逐渐减少,应力分布不均匀。轴瓦与轴之间接触压力和摩擦切应力的分布规律与等效应力的相似。轴瓦厚度增加能降低轴瓦所承受的应力,有效提高轴瓦的承载能力。轴瓦与轴之间较大的配合间隙将导致轴瓦承载区域减小,轴瓦所受的应力增大。轴瓦与轴承座之间的过盈配合能使轴瓦的承载面积明显增大,最大等效应力降低,应力分布更均匀。

For the sliding bearing of 1600 k N servo crank press,its stress state in working was analyzed by numerical simulation,and verified by 10 k N minitype crank press with Fujifilm prescale film. The results show that the stress distributes mainly under the area directly,and the stress gradually decreases from the middle to the ends with uniform distribution. However,the distribution regulation of the contact pressure and the friction shear stress between the bearing and the shaft is similar to the equivalent stress. Thus,bearing thickness increase can reduce the bearing stress and effectively improve the load bearing capacity. Furthermore,a large fit clearance between the bearing and the shaft will result in reducing bearing area of the bearing and increasing the bearing stress. While,the interference fit between the bearing and bearing can make the bearing area of the bearing increase obviously,so the maximum equivalent stress decreases,and the stress distribution is more uniform.