中国家庭捐赠规模及影响因素探析

An Exploratory Research on the Scale and Major Factors of Chinese Household Donation:An Analysis Based on China Labour Force Dynamics Survey

文章利用2012年中国劳动力动态调查数据,从捐赠参与度、绝对捐赠额及相对捐赠额3个方面对国内家庭捐赠情况及相关因素进行了探索性研究。研究结果表明,近年全国慈善捐赠水平可能被低估,一般居民家庭具有直接面向受益人的偏好。在相关因素上,相对于收入,受教育程度是家庭捐赠更稳定的促进因素;家庭平均年龄对捐赠行为呈现出稳定的负向影响;农村家庭与城市相比虽捐赠水平较低却具有更强的收入及教育效应;体制的嵌入及政治资本对家庭捐赠行为有正向影响;此外,家庭捐赠水平呈现东部高于西部,西部高于中部的特征。

Using the data of China labour force dynamics survey(CLDS) 2012, from the aspects of donation participation, absolute donation and relative donation, the paper gives an exploratory research on the scale and the relative factors of Chinese household donation. The results show that the scale of Chinese household donation in recent years may be underestimated by the official statistics, and the household donation is inclined to give to the recipients directly. Relative to income, education has a more stable positive effect on household donation. The average age of the household has a negative effect on household donation. Rural household's giving is totally less than urban household's giving, but their incidence and amounts of giving are more sensitive to income and education than those of urban households. Embedding in an in-system organization and favoring political capital have significant positive effects on donation. Furthermore, the level of household donation in China has a gradient of East-West-Central.