重庆库区县不同监护类型中学生亚健康状态调查研究

Sub-health Status of Middle School Students of Different Modes of Care-taking in Three-Gorge Area of Chongqing

目的了解重庆库区县不同监护类型中学生的亚健康状态,为采取进一步的干预措施提供参考依据。方法于2011年9—10月,采用多阶段随机整群抽样法,首先从重庆市11个库区县中随机抽取1个区县,然后在该区县随机抽取3个乡镇中学,最后在每个中学随机抽取初一、高一各4~6个班的中学生。采用自编一般情况调查表和青少年亚健康多维评定问卷对中学生进行调查,共发放问卷2 401份,回收问卷2 358份,回收率为98.2%,剔除存在逻辑错误及信息不全的问卷67份,最终纳入分析的有效问卷2 291份,有效率为97.2%。结果不同性别、年龄、年级及是否独生子女的中学生监护类型间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而不同就读学校、是否住校的中学生监护类型间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别、监护类型及是否独生子女的中学生身心亚健康状态检出率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而不同年龄、就读学校、年级及是否住校的中学生身心亚健康状态检出率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄及是否独生子女的中学生躯体亚健康状态检出率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而不同就读学校、年级、监护类型及是否住校的中学生躯体亚健康状态检出率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别、是否住校、是否独生子女的中学生心理亚健康状态检出率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而不同年龄、就读学校、年级、监护类型的中学生心理亚健康状态检出率间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论上代监护和同辈监护中学生亚健康状态的检出率较高,减少上代监护和同辈监护将有可能减少中学生亚健康状态。

Objective To study the sub-health status of middle school students of different modes of care-taking in Chongqing Three-Gorge Area and to provide references for further intervention.Methods From September to October 2011,a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select one county or district randomly from 11 counties in Chongqing,then from this county choose three middle schools in villages and towns,and finally select middle school students of junior one and senior one in four to six classes from every middle schools.The self-made General Condition Questionnaire and the Multi-Dimensional Assessment Questionnaire for Adolescents＇ Sub-health were used to investigate the middle school students.A total of2 401 questionnaires were distributed,and 2 358 questionnaires were recovered with a recovery rate of 98.2%,after excluding67 questionnaires that having logical errors and incomplete information,2 291 valid questionnaires were included in the analysis.The effective rate was 97.2%.Results There was no significant difference in modes of care-taking among middle school students of different gender,age,grades,and being one-child or not（ P〉0.05）; there were significant differences in modes of care-taking among middle school students in different schools and living on schools or not（ P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference in the detection rate of physical and mental sub-health status among middle school students with different gender,modes of care-taking and being one-child or not（ P〉0.05）; while there was significant difference in the detection rate of physical and mental sub-health status among middle school students with different age,schools,grades and living on schools or not（ P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference in the detection rate of physical sub-health status among middle school students with different gender,age and being one-child or not（ P〉0.05）; while there was significant difference in the detection rate of physical sub-health status among middle school students with different schools,grades,modes of care-taking and living on schools or not（ P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference in the detection rate of mental sub-health status among middle school students with different gender,living on schools or not and being one-child or not（ P〉0.05）; while there was significant difference in the detection rate of mental sub-health status among middle school students with different age,schools,grades,modes of care-taking（ P〈0.05）.Conclusion The detection rate of sub-health status among middle school students with parent and peer modes of care-taking are relatively high and reducing such modes of care-taking may reduce the sub-health status of middle school students.