几种可能来源对广东某地空气中二噁英的影响

Possible Sources of PCDD/Fs in Atmosphere of a Certain District in Guangdong

采用高分辨气相色谱法/高分辨质谱法(HRGC/HRMS)对广东某地生活垃圾焚烧厂烟道气及周边环境空气和可能来源的环境空气中17种二噁英进行了分析.讨论了所有样品中同系物、主要毒性贡献体的特性.并运用主成分和聚类分析法,探究了焚烧厂周边监测点位与焚烧厂排放烟气及可能来源的关系.结果表明周边空气中二噁英浓度低于焚烧厂烟道气,且不受主导风向的影响.在调查基础上,推断轮胎厂及露天焚烧为可能污染源.轮胎厂二噁英浓度均低于上风向监测点,露天焚烧空气中二噁英高于厂界外监测点.对各同类物百分比分析可知,烟道气和所有空气中主要同类物为OCDD、1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Hp CDD及1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Hp CDF,但空气中同类物还包括OCDF;焚烧厂周边监测点与轮胎厂空气中二噁英单体百分浓度相似,烟气与露天焚烧中二噁英单体分布相似.进一步研究表明所有空气样品中单体1,2,3,7,8-Pe CDD和2,3,4,6,7,8-Hx CDF与总毒性当量浓度的线性相关系数分别为0.95和0.75,相关性较强.主成分分析及聚类分析表明垃圾焚烧厂对周边空气产生影响,轮胎厂对上风向产生影响,露天焚烧对厂界影响较小.

This paper analyzed 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans（PCDD/ Fs） by HRGC/ HRMS in the flue gas of a certain municipal solid waste incinerator（MSWI） and its surrounding air and other possible sources in Guangdong. It discussed the feature of homologs and main toxic monomers in all samples. It also investigated the relationship among surrounding area, MSWI and possible sources using principle component analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis. The results showed that the concentration of PCDD/ Fs was higher in the flue gas than the ambient air, moreover non-effect suffered by prevailing wind direction. The possible sources might be tyre factory and open burning based on spot survey. The concentration of PCDD/ Fs was lower in tyre factory than upwind station, but higher at open burning spot than outdrop monitoring station. The analysis of homologs showed that OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF were the main materials in the flue gas and air, meanwhile OCDF was also found in atmosphere. There was similar feature of 17 PCDD/ Fs between surrounding monitoring station and tyre factory, and the same between flue gas and open burning. The further analysis showed that the linearly dependent coefficients of 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD and 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF were 0. 95 and 0. 75, respectively. It showed the strong correlation of two monomers in all ambient air samples. The PCA and cluster analysis showed that MSWI influenced the surrounding air, tyre factory had an impact on upwind station, and open burning had a lower effect on outdrop monitoring station.