基于改进遗传算法的新型水面无人艇性能综合优化分析

Comprehensive optimization analysis for the performance of a new type of USV based on improved genetic algorithm

艇型的设计受到多种因素约束,各种因素常常互相矛盾,因此,若以某一个指标为主,将会减弱其他方面的性能.所以在选取艇型的各项参数时,应全面综合考虑各个参数对艇型影响程度.文中对一种新型水面无人艇的快速性、操纵性、耐波性和抗倾覆性进行综合优化计算,将水面无人艇的综合性能优化问题转化为4个子系统性能的优化问题.对4个子系统的设计变量进行耦合,并将子目标函数以一定的形式组合成总目标函数.兼顾4个性能的约束条件,构造惩罚函数,最终构造出水面无人艇的性能综合优化数学模型.文中提出3种策略改进遗传算法,通过优化数学模型接口来编制、优化软件,并进行优化计算分析.研究结果表明:成长机制改进的遗传算法具有很好的寻优性能,且成长机制中遗传因子和进化权重对寻优效果的影响最大.

Since the design of the boat type is under the constraint of various factors which are often contradictory,the priority of a certain indicator can weaken the other aspects of performance. So,when selecting parameters of the ship,the effects of various parameters on ship should be comprehensively considered. In this paper,the comprehensive optimization calculation of four performances of USV including the rapidity performance,seakeeping performance,maneuverability performance and overturning resistance performance,which transform the optimization problem of comprehensive performance of USV into the optimization problem of four subsystems performance. The design variables of the four subsystems have been coupled,and the objective functions of subsystems have been combined into the total objective function in a certain form. The punishment functions have been constructed according to the constraint conditions of the four performances of USV. Finally,the comprehensive optimization mathematical model of the performance of USV has been established. In this paper,three strategies have been puts forward to improve the genetic algorithm,which has been connected to the optimization mathematical model to create the optimization software. The optimization results have shown that the growth mechanism improved genetic algorithm has a good searching performance,and the influence of genetic factor and evolutionaryweight in the growth mechanism on optimization effect is the largest.