《文选》中的陶渊明

Tao Yuanming's Poems in “Wenxuan”

萧统是最早为陶渊明编文集的人,他在《文选》中录入陶诗8首和《归去来并序》。陶渊明曾仕于稍后篡夺了东晋大权的桓玄,桓玄失败后又仕于领导反桓玄斗争的刘裕。这两次出仕都比较被动,在他思想深处总觉得还是待在故乡的园林里读书养生为好。《挽歌诗》表达的思想,一是死亡之不可避免,二是由死亡引起生者的哀伤终将淡化以至消失。《杂诗二首》后来被编入了组诗《饮酒》,"结庐在人境"一首写他自己悠然的生活情趣,是陶渊明的首席代表作;"秋菊有佳色"一首表明饮用菊花酒的快乐就在此事本身。其余几首也各有其深意。《归去来并序》是已被分析得很透彻的名篇,这里补充几点意见,供进一步研究参考。

Xiao Tong is the earliest editor who edited Tao Yuanming anthology and he enclosed 8 Tao＇s poems and a preface of ＂Come and Go＂ in his ＂Wenxuan＂. Tao Yuan-ming once served the premier Huan Xuan who usurped the leadership of East Jin and then served Liu Yu who was against Huan Xuan. These two attempts were passive. In his deep mind, he is still longing for the quiet country life with lots of books to read. The Poem ＂Elegy＂ tells us that death is inevitable and the grief caused by death will be gradually weakened and even disappeared. Some poems are the reflections of his leisure life, among witch is the chief representative of Tao Yuanming： Chrysanthemum in Good Color. ＂The Prose of Come and Go＂ （Guiqulaixici） has been analyzed by many scholars, here are still some referential ideas, the famous here, add a few points, provides a reference for further research.