各莫乡成年藏居民胃食管反流病流行病学调查

Epidemiologic investigation of gastroesophageal reflux disease among adult Tibetans in Gemo Township

目的了解四川省阿坝县各莫乡高原成年藏居民胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)患病率及其相关疾病和危险因素。方法对川藏高原各莫乡成年藏居民进行整群分层和抽样问卷调查。以胃食管反流病问卷(gastroesophageal reflux disease questionaires,Gerd Q)总分(Sc)≥8分为GERD病例组,Sc<8分为对照组。采用SPSS17.0统计软件进行检验和Logistic多元回归分析。结果共回收有效问卷787份。各莫乡成人GERD患病率为14.74%,年龄40岁以上、超重(体重指数≥24)和畜牧业等群体有较高的发病率。主要症状为烧心(74.14%)、反流(69.83%)和反酸(55.17%),病例组伴发病中显著高于对照组的有牙病、口腔溃疡、咽炎、打鼾、喉炎(P<0.01)和鼻窦炎、支气管炎(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、体重指数、索米痛片、辛辣、油腻、高盐和少蔬菜、饮浓茶为GERD的危险因素。结论各莫乡藏居民GERD发病率高,生活质量受到较大影响,应改善高原藏区卫生条件,克服不良饮食习惯,不断提高GERD的诊治水平。

Objective To explore the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease（ GERD） among adult Tibetans in Gemo Township and to identify the related disease and risk factors of GERD. Methods Stratified random samples of adult Tibetans from Gemo Township were chosen to answer the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaires（ Gerd Q）. According to Gerd Q,a cut-off score of 8 was determined to discriminate between GERD patients（ sum score≥8） from controls（ sum score 〈8）. Software SPSS17. 0 was used to perform the Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis. Results 787 valid questionnaires were collected. The incidence of GERD was 14. 74% in the adult population of Gemo Township. GERD was more prevalent among those who were 40 years old and above,or overweight（ IBM≥24） and among herdsmen. The main symptoms of GERD included heartburn（ 74. 14%）,reflux（ 69. 83%）and acid reflux（ 55. 17%）. GERD had a close relationship with extraesophageal diseases,such as odontopathy,oral ulcer,pharyngitis,sinusitis,snoring,laryngitis and bronchitis. Logistic analysis showed that age,BMI,somiton tablets,spicy food,greasy food,high salt and lack of vegetables were the most likely risk factors for GERD. Conclusions GERD is prevalent among adult Tibetans in Gemo Township so that their quality of life is affected. We should try to improve the sanitary conditions of Tibetans,overcome the undesirable dietary habits and enhance the diagnosis and treatment of GERD.