我国环境行政执法与刑事司法衔接的困境与出路

Administrative Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice:An Empirical Analysis

透过环境行政处罚高发而刑事判决阙如现象,可窥见我国环境行政执法与刑事司法衔接并不顺畅。从内部衔接机制上看,案件移送不力是环境"两法衔接"梗阻的症结所在。基于环境行政执法的被动性、封闭性、自利性以及案件移送程序的"低适配性",大量涉环境犯罪案件被"消解"于环境行政执法环节,而难以流入刑事司法领域。从外部监控机制而言,检察监督权的羸弱与虚化则是环境"两法衔接"梗阻的外部诱因。健全环境"两法衔接"机制,应当努力破除环境执法的被动性与自利性、注重案件移送程序的立法调适以及强化检察机关对案件移送的动态监控。

Judging from the phenomena that the environmental administrative punishments are frequent while criminal judgments are relatively rare,the coordination of environmental administrative law enforcement and criminal justice in our country is running smoothly.From the perspective of internal coordination mechanism,poor transfer of legal cases forms the crux of the obstruction of 'bridging the two laws'.Due to the passive,closed,self-interested nature of environmental administrative law enforcement,and the 'low adaptability' of case transfer procedures,a large number of cases involving environmental crime are 'dissolved' in environmental administrative law enforcement and difficult to flow into the criminal justice field.From the perspective of external monitoring mechanism,the weakness and ineffectuality of prosecutorial and supervisory powers forms the external cause of the obstruction of 'bridging the two laws'.In order to perfect environmental mechanisms for 'bridging the two laws',special efforts should be taken to eliminate the passivity and self-interestedness of environmental law enforcement.And special attention should be paid to the case transfer procedures to adjust the legislation,and to strengthen the active monitoring of case transfers by prosecutorial institutions.