环境民事公益诉讼导入激励理论的合理性和可行性分析

The Dilemma and Solution of the Coordination of Environmental Analysis on the Rationality and Feasibility of Introducing Incentive Theory into Environmental Public Interest Civil Litigation

基于原告理性自利的激励制度无法缓解环境民事公益诉讼的利他性与利己性的冲突,因此考虑引入其它学科的激励理论,重新审视关于环境民事公益诉讼的激励制度。在对比分析管理学、心理学、经济学的激励模型后,将管理与心理学下的激励理论引入环境民事公益诉讼,确定以"自然人"为激励对象,根据"自然人"的需要梳理激励因素,通过权利义务方式将激励因素法律化,并借助合适的激励方式形成更加适合环境民事公益诉讼发展的激励制度,以此缓解日益紧张的环境关系。

The incentive system based on plaintiff's rational self-interest can not relieve the conflict between altruism and self-interest in environmental public interest civil litigation.Therefore,it is necessary to re-examine the incentive system of environmental public interest civil litigation by introducing incentive theory of other disciplines.After comparing and analyzing the incentive models of management,psychology and economics,the incentive theory of management and psychology is introduced into the environmental public interest civil litigation.The object of the incentives is the 'natural person',whose various needs determine the incentive factors.Through the way of rights and obligations,the incentive factors are legalized.By means of appropriate incentives,more suitable incentive mechanisms for the development of environmental public interest civil litigation should be formed,in order to alleviate the increasingly tense environmental relations.