重庆黔江区森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

Value Assessment on Forest Ecosystem Service Function in Qianjiang District of Chongqing

依托重庆市林业重点工程生态效益长期监测以及重庆黔江区森林资源二类调查资料,并结合实地补充调查,以树种、林龄组为测算单元进行分布式测算,评估了黔江区森林涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧等7项生态服务功能及其价值。结果表明:(1)重庆黔江区森林生态系统调节水量5.04×10~8m^3/年,保育土壤4.03×10~6t/年,固碳释氧1.08×10~6t/年,积累营养物质4.21×10~3t/年,提供负离子2.63×10~3/年,滞尘3.22×10~6t/年,吸收污染物2.26×10~4t/年;(2)黔江区森林生态系统服务功能价值量为6.598×10~9元/年,各生态服务功能价值排序为涵养水源(62.68%)>固碳释氧(17.28%)>净化大气环境(7.75%)>生物多样性保护(5.68%)>保育土壤(5.41%)>积累营养物质(1.04%)>森林游憩(0.16%);(3)黔江区森林单位面积(hm^2)生态服务功能价值为5.28×10~4元,各主要森林类型大小排序为柏木(6.05×10~4元/年)>杉木(5.67×10~4元/年)>马尾松(5.53×10~4元/年)>杨树(5.25×10~4元/年)>青冈(4.74×10~4元/年)。

Based on long-term monitoring of ecological benefit for Chongqing key forestry projects and forest resource inventory in Qianjiang District of Chongqing, combined with field investigation of tree species and age group for measuring unit of distributed calculation, forest ecosystem services value in Qianjiang District in 2012 was evaluated, including water conservation, soil conservation and fertility maintenance, C fixing and O2 generation,and so on. The results showed that：（1）Water conservation for forest ecosystem in Qianjiang District of Chongqing was 0.504 billion m^3·a^-1. Soil conservation and fertility maintenance was 4 035.1 thousand t·a^-1. C fixing and O2 generation was 1081.1 thousand t·a^-1. Nutriment accumulation was 4 210.76 t·a^-1. Providing negative ions was2.625×10^3 in 2012. Removal dust was 3219.4 thouscnd t·a^-1. Absorbing pollutant was 22.6 thousand t·a^-1.（2）Forest ecosystem services value in Qianjiang District was 6.598 billion yuan·a^-1. The value of the service function of forest ecosystem in Qianjiang District was in an order of water conservation（62.68%） 〉C fixing and O2 generation（17.28%）〉 air purification（7.75%）〉 biodiversity protection（5.68%）〉 soil conservation and fertility maintenance（5.41%） 〉nutriment accumulation（1.04%）〉 forest recreation（0.16%）.（3） The value per unit area of the ecological service function in Qianjiang District was 52.8 thousand yuan·hm^-2·a^-1. The value per unit area of main forest types was in an order of Cupressus funebris forest（60.5 thousand yuan·hm^-2·a^-1） 〉Cunninghamia lanceolata forest（56.7 thousand yuan·hm^-2·a^-1） 〉Pinus massoniana forest（55.3 thousand yuan·hm^-2·a^-1）〉 Pterocarya stenoptera forest（52.5 thousand yuan·hm^-2·a^-1）〉 Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest（47.4 thousand yuan·hm^-2·a^-1）.