苏州7～12岁小学生磨牙切牙矿化不良的流行病学调查

Epidemiological study of molar incisor hypomineralization in primary school students in Soozhow China

目的:探究苏州市小学生磨牙切牙矿化不良(MIH)的患病情况及可能影响因素。方法:选取苏州市1 145名7~12岁小学生为研究对象,依照国际诊断标准进行MIH患病率调查,通过问卷调查了解学生身体健康状况与用药情况、家庭基本情况、母亲孕期身体状况、喂养方式等;并进行统计学分析。结果:1 145名儿童中,MIH患儿为51人,患病率4.45%,男、女间患病率无显著差异。7~8岁儿童患病率(6.25%)明显高于9~10岁(2.53%)、11~12岁(3.31%)年龄组(P<0.05)。MIH以界限清晰的不透明斑块为最主要的临床表现,患牙有对称性倾向。MIH与3岁前罹患中耳炎、扁桃体炎及使用抗生素有显著相关,与患者家庭生活背景、喂养方式及母亲孕期身体状况无明显相关性。结论:苏州市7~12岁儿童的MIH患病率显著低于其他国家,MIH患病情况与3岁前罹患疾病及使用抗生素相关。

AIM： To investigate the prevalence and putative contributing factors of molar incisor hypominer- alisation （MIH） in primary school students in Soozhou China. METHODS： 1 , 1 4 5 of 7 to 12 - year - old primary school students were included for this study and were divided into 3 groups according to age（ 7 - 8 , 9 - 1 0 and 1 1 - 1 2 years）. The European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry （ EAPD） criteria were followed for MIH diagnosis. The struc-tured questionnaire was collected. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 13. 0 and Kruskal-Wallis Test. RESULTS： The overall MIH prevalence rate was 4.45% with no gender difference. The primary clinical mani-festation was demarcated opacity only. The prevalence rate in 7 to 8 year - old group（6. 25% ） was significantly higher than that in 9 to 10 year - old group（2. 53% ） and 11 to 12 year - old group（3. 31 % ） （P 〈0. 05 ） . The affected teeth were usually symmetrical. MIH prevalence was not significantly different （ P 〉 0. 05 ） among the 4 quadrants of the teeth. MIH occurrence was significantly related with the childrens history of otitis media, tonsillitis and antibiotic use in their first 3 years of life. MIH had no correlation with the childrens family background, feeding methods and the physical conditions of their mothers during pregnancy. CONCLUSION ： The MIH prevalence rate in school age chil-dren in Soozhou appears lower than that reported for other countries. The presence of MIH is associated with the chil-drens medical history and the use of antibiotics in their first 3 years of life.