光拍法测光速的实验误差分析及方法改进

The Errors Analysis and Improvement of Light Velocity Measuring with Light-beat Method

传统的光拍法测光速的实验误差在0.5%到8%之间。本文通过分析产生实验误差的主要原因,总结相关文献提到的改进方法的优缺点,使用CG-IV型光速测定仪,通过改用具有光标功能的YB4325型示波器、使用Excel软件对实验数据进行处理等手段对实验进行改进。通过优化测量方法、多次实测后发现,改良后的实验得到的光速值误差均在1%以下,实验精度得到明显提高,改良效果十分理想。

The result of traditional light-beat method experiment is imprecise with relative errors ranging from0. 5% to 8%. Starting with the introduction of the experimental principle,detailed analysis of experimental procedure and data processing as well as summaries of other improved experiment are presented in this paper. After a series of experiments,we find that errors are mostly introduced when measuring remote light path and observing phase on the oscilloscope. We use the CG-IV light meter to improve the experiment by optimizing measurement,using YB-4325 oscilloscope with cursor function and processing data with Excel. Experiment results that relative errors are totally lower than 1% showing than the measuring precision is effectively promoted. In addition,tips for experimenters are given in detail to further ensure the smooth and accuracy of the experiment.