句容市仑山典型森林群落物种多样性特征

Species diversity of typical forest communities in Lunshan,Jurong

采用典型样地取样法,对句容市仑山典型森林植被进行了调查。仑山森林植被发现有维管植物90科200属350种,其中,裸子植物5科12属17种,被子植物79科180属325种,蕨类植物6科8属8种。该森林为人为干扰后形成的天然次生林,部分地段为人工林,依据主要树种组成可划分为6种森林群落类型:马尾松+构树+冬青混交林、落叶栎林、盐肤木林、枫杨林、杉木林和竹林。群落类型不同,植物物种的丰富度、多样性指标存在一定的差异。由于种群竞争以及人为干扰、有害生物入侵等外界因素的影响,部分森林群落出现退化,应因地制宜地采取抚育措施对森林进行结构改造,促使仑山森林植被朝着健康、稳定、和谐的方向发展。

In virtue of typical area sampling method,a systematic vegetation survey was conducted in Lunshan of Jurong,Jiangsu Province. 350 species of vascular plants were found there,which belonged to 200 genera,90 families. Among them17 species of gymnosperms belonged to 12 genera,5 families. 325 species of angiosperms belonged to 180 genera,79 families. And 8 species of pteridophytes belonged to 8 genera,6 families. Lunshan forest was natural secondary forest,going throught man-made interference,part of it was manmade. The forest could be divided into 6 forest communities according to the composition of dominant species,that was,Pinus massoniana,Broussonetia papyrifera and Ilex chinensis mixed forest,fallen leaves oak forest,Rhus chinensis forest,Pterocarya stenoptera forest,Cunninghamia lanceolata forest and bamboo forest community. Certain differences between the plant communities were found by using the index of species richness,species diversity and community evenness. Some communities degradation began to appear owing to fierce competition,manmade interference and biotic invasion,so some tending measures should be needed to adjust communities structure,promote communities stability,health and harmony.