水电站机电设备在青藏高原的适应性及对策

Adaptability Analysis and Countermeasure of Electronic Equipment in Hydropower Station in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

青藏高原地域辽阔,水力资源丰富,但大部分地区海拔高、气候寒冷、自然条件恶劣,对水电工程建设十分不利,对电站机电设备的影响尤为严重。根据西部水力资源的开发需要,为了保障电站机电设备的运行安全,以西藏藏木电站卷扬式闸门启闭设备为例,从设备的关键部件入手,详细分析了电机、润滑油、钢材、化工产品、电气装置等受低温、低气压、强紫外线照射的不利影响,如电机额定功率的损失和绝缘失效、润滑油的冻结和设备效率降低、钢材的冲击韧性降低、化工产品加速老化变脆等。针对这些不利影响,提出了加热、保温、修正电机功率、选用高原型电气设备、选择低温下冲击韧性满足需求的结构件用钢等对策及措施。

Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a vast plateau with abundant water resources,and the hydropower potential there ranks in China. Howev-er, the environment in most of the plateau is difficult due to the high altitude,coldness,oxygen deficit and strong ultraviolet. For Western China water resources development and run security of power station electromechanical equipment, this paper combined on Tibet Zangmu Power Station winch type gate hoist design,starting with key parts of equipment,detailed analyzed adverse effects on motor,lubrication, steel,chemical products,and electrical device by low temperature,depression,and strong UV irradiation,such as： motor rated power of loss and insulation failure,lubricants of freeze and equipment efficiency reduced, steel of impact toughness reduced and chemical products accelerated aging variable crisp. In response to these adverse effects,corresponding strategies and measures were proposed,which were heat-ing, insulation,modifying motor power,high prototype electrical equipment,selecting a low temperature impact toughness to meet demand for structural steel and so on.