肿瘤干细胞相关信号通路调节与靶向治疗

The pathway regulation and targeted therapy of tumor stem cells regulatory and targeting therapy of tumor stem cell related signal pathway

肿瘤干细胞被认为是肿瘤形成的种子,可通过复杂的信号传导与周围微环境中的细胞因子相互作用来调节并控制肿瘤的发生、发展与转移。肿瘤干细胞具有自我更新和分化的特征,影响肿瘤干细胞自我更新和分化的胞内信号通路有Wnt,Hedgehog等通路。肿瘤微环境是肿瘤赖以生存的立体环境,其组成包括肿瘤细胞周围的细胞外基质、微血管、基质细胞（成纤维细胞、间质干细胞、肿瘤相关内皮细胞、炎症细胞）及基质细胞所分泌的细胞因子。肿瘤干细胞通过细胞因子与肿瘤微环境中的各种细胞保持着紧密的联系。本文就肿瘤干细胞的细胞表面标记分子、肿瘤干细胞与肿瘤微环境间复杂的调控网络、细胞信号通路等方面对进行综述,为特异性针对癌症干细胞的癌症治疗提供新的方向和参考。

Cancer stem cells are thought to be the seed of tumor formation,through complex signalings and cytokines in the surrounding microenvironment regulate the development and metastasis of tumor.Tumor stem cells have the characteristics of self-renewal and differentiation,the intracellular signaling pathways regulating self-renewal and differentiation of cancer stem cell include Wnt,Hedgehog signaling pathway.The tumor microenvironment is the dimensional environment surrounding the tumor,including the extracellular matrix,surrounding blood capillary,stromal cells（fibroblasts,mesenchymal stem cells,tumor-associated endothelial cells,inflammatory cells） and cytokines secreted by stromal cells.Cancer stem cells maintain a close communication with the cells in the tumor microenvironment.In this paper,the cell surface maker of cancer stem cell,cancer stem cells and regulation of cytokine in the microenvironment,intracellular signaling pathways of cancer stem cells are reviewed to show complex regulatory networks in the tumor microenvironment.This review should help providing a new direction on specific cancer therapy for cancer stem cells in cacer treatment.