舟山市海产品铅、镉、甲基汞污染调查

An investigation on lead,cadmium and methylmercury in seafood of Zhoushan City

目的分析2013—2015年舟山市市售海产品铅、镉、甲基汞污染情况。方法 2013—2015年在舟山市具有代表性的农贸市场采集海水鱼类(40种240份)、软体类(15种90份)和甲壳类(8种48份)海产品共63种1 134份,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铅、镉含量,采用液相-原子荧光联用法测定甲基汞含量,依据GB 2762—2012《食品中污染物限量》评价海产品的食用安全性。结果 1 134份海产品样品中,检出铅含量0.011 5~0.555 mg/kg,超标率为0.44%(5/1 134);镉含量0.000 3~0.328 mg/kg,超标率为0.26%(3/1 134);甲基汞含量ND^0.302 mg/kg,未检出超标。铅2013年和2015年超标率分别为0.79%和0.53%,2014年未检出超标样品;镉2013年超标率为0.79%,其他年份未检出;甲基汞3年均未检出超标样品。5份铅超标海产品为海水鱼类和甲壳类,样品分别为鲨鱼、雪刹鱼、剥皮鱼、对虾和红狮头,检测值分别为0.555、0.532、0.518、0.554和0.532 mg/kg(标准:≤0.5 mg/kg)。3份镉超标海产品均为海水鱼类,样品分别为炮弹鱼、橡皮鱼和鲨鱼,检测值分别为0.184、0.164和0.162 mg/kg(标准:≤0.1 mg/kg)。结论舟山市市售海产品铅、镉、甲基汞污染处于较低水平,部分甲壳类海产品铅含量和海水鱼类铅、镉含量超标,需引起重视。

Objective To analysis status of lead, cadmium and methylmercury residue in commercially available seafood during 2013-2015 in Zhoushan area. Methods During the period of 2013 to 2015, 3 kinds of 1 134 seafood samples from representative farmer market in four districts of Zhoushan were collected to detect the lead, cadmium and methylmereury residue in seafish, mollusks and shellfish. Kruskal - Wallis rank - sum test were used to compare the difference of heavy metal residue in different years of seafood and exact propability were used to evaluate the difference of edible safety in different years. Results Of 1 134 seafood samples, the content of lead, cadmium and methylmereury was 0. Oil 5 -0. 555 ,0. 000 3 -0. 328, ND - 0. 302 mg/kg, respectively. The over - standard rate of lead in 2013 and 2015 were 0.79% and 0.53% ,found in five samples of seafish and shellfish, and the over - standard rate of cadmium in 2013 was 0. 79% , found in three samples of seafish. Methylmercury residue in seafood wsa not found exceed the standard. Conclusion The contamination of lead, cadmium and methylmercury residue in commercially available seafood during 2013-2015 in Zhoushan area was in low level, but the content of lead and cadmium in seafood was over - standard. We should pay more attention to the lead content in shellfish, and lead and cadmium content in sea fish.