历史文化视域中的徽州民居

Huizhou Vernacular Dwellings from the Perspective of Historic Culture

徽州民居在中国的建筑史上具有着独特的意义,因该地区的相对封闭与独立,在长期的历史发展过程中,形成了富有特色的徽州民居样式。本文从历史文化的角度对于徽州民居进行分析,探究徽州文化中的风水文化、宗族文化、内圣文化对于徽州民居的影响。风水文化对其影响主要表现在整体的选址、构造形态以及个别部件的设计,来达成风水文化所追求的与自然相合;宗族文化对其影响体现在外部组群样式、形制和内部结构,来达成宗族文化所追求的秩序均衡;内圣文化的影响主要体现在民居内部的庭院布置、装饰以及物件摆设上,来达成内圣文化所追求的内涵与修养。通过三方面的分析,利于从历史文化角度加深对徽州民居的认识与理解。

Huizhou vernacular dwelling has unique significance in China,s architectural history, owing to the relative isolation and independence of this region, it formed a distinctive style of Huizhou vernacular dwelling in the long - term historical development process. This article analyzes Huizhou vernacular dwelling from the per-spective of historic culture, explores the influence of geomantic culture, clan culture and internal virtue culture on Huizhou vernacular dwellings. The influence of geomantic culture involves the overall selection of construc-tion site, structural configuration and the design of individual parts, in order to achieve harmony with nature; the influence of clan culture was embodied in the external group style, shape and internal structure, in order to achieve the order and balance of clan culture; the influence of internal virtue culture involves internal courtyard layout, decoration and article placement, in order to reach the connotation and cultivation of internal virtue cul-ture. Therefore, makes it useful in strengthening the cognition and understanding of Huizhou vernacular dwell-ings on the basis of above analysis.