青海省都兰县羊亚科野生动物残体的分子鉴定

Molecular identification of Caprinae species distributed in Dulan County in Qinghai Province

DNA条形码(DNA barcode)已被广泛用于野生动物的物种鉴定、身份识别、系统发生等领域的研究。本研究利用DNA条形码技术对青海省都兰县宗加镇收集到的羊亚科野生动物残体进行了分子鉴定。结果表明:在13份羊亚科野生动物残体中成功获得3个样品的细胞色素b(Cytochrome b,Cyt b)基因全长序列,通过生物信息学和系统发育关系分析显示,来自野外分化头骨齿髓和1份皮张样品的Cyt b基因序列与盘羊的基因序列聚在一起,结合都兰县羊亚科动物的分布格局,推测这2个样品可能属于盘羊组织;而来自腿骨骨髓的Cyt b基因序列与岩羊已发表序列聚在一起,共同形成一个单系群,推测腿骨样本可能属于岩羊个体。研究结果揭示,无论是从序列差异还是系统发育关系,细胞色素b基因序列作为DNA条形码均可确切鉴定羊亚科的物种。

Abstract：The DNA barcode has been widely used in the investigation of species identification,phylogenetic relationship and biogeography. In the present study,we obtained three complete sequences of the mtDNA cytochrome b gene from 13 old residue samples of Caprinae species. Basedon the bioinformatics analysis and construction of phylogenetic tree,together with the distributionpatterns of Caprinae species in Dulan County,two sequences from one dental pulp of skull and oneskin samples were clustered with the GenBank sequences of Ovis ammon,which were identified tosamples of Ovis ammon. While the sequence from the leg bull sample clustered with the GenBanksequences of Pseudois nayaur,which was identified to sample of Pseudois nayaur. The results suggested that the sequence of Cyt b gene could be used as DNA barcode to identify the species of Caprinae based on sequence difference and phylogenetic analysis.