外部制度质量差异对企业生产率和出口选择门槛的影响——基于中国制造业行业的理论和实证研究

The Impact of External Institutional Quality Difference on Firm Productivity and Market Threshold——a Theoretical and Empirical Study Based on China's Manufacturing Industry

本文将宏观层面的制度质量与微观层面的企业相结合,将制度质量因素引入企业异质性框架,建立了新的制度模型,构建了与理论模型相对应的制度质量替代变量。通过理论推导和实证分析,证明了制度质量通过影响企业的全要素生产率成为国际贸易中比较优势的重要来源。制度质量的降低,制度扭曲作用的加强,会导致内销市场和出口市场存活企业生产率门槛的提高,使得只有更高生产率的企业才能克服沉没成本参与到市场竞争中。相比较内销市场,制度扭曲作用对出口市场门槛的影响相对较小。企业应当积极参与国际竞争,提高技术创新水平。政府应该有效把握制度使用力度,配合发挥宏观调控作用。

Considering both the macroand the micro factors,this paperconstructs a newmodel by introducing institutional quality factor into the enterprise heterogeneity framework. Through theoretical derivationand empirical analysis,we find that the institutional quality has become an important source of comparative advantage in international trade considering its influence on the total factor productivity of enterprises. Poor institutional quality and institutional distortion will raise the productivity threshold of the survival enterprises’ in both domestic and export market.Only the enterprises with higher productivity can overcome the sunk cost andparticipate in market competition. Compared to the domestic market,the institutional distortion has relatively little effecton the export market. Enterprises should actively participate in international competition reduce the rate of financial cost and improve the level of technological innovation. The government,on the one hand,should play a good role in macroeconomic regulation and control in coordination with the ＂invisible hand＂.