湖南省郴州市人体重点寄生虫病原谱及感染现状调查

Pathogen spectrum and epidemic status of major human parasites in Chenzhou City,Hunan Province

目的了解和分析郴州市人体重点寄生虫病原谱及感染现状,为寄生虫病防治提供科学依据。方法 2015年在郴州市以整群分层随机抽样法抽取调查点,采用改良加藤法检查肠道蠕虫虫卵、生理盐水涂片法和碘液涂片法检测肠道原虫滋养体或包囊、透明胶纸法查3~6岁儿童蛲虫卵、试管滤纸培养法鉴别钩虫。结果共检查7 031人,肠道蠕虫感染率为1.83%(129例),以钩虫感染为主,各虫种感染率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=107.77,P<0.01);钩蚴均为美洲钩虫;未检出肠道原虫。各县(市、区)间肠道蠕虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=25.77,P<0.01)。感染者年龄主要集中在30岁以上人群,感染率随年龄增长而呈现上升的趋势(χ~2=26.21,P<0.01);职业以农民为主,农民与其他职业间感染率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=29.67,P<0.01)。结论郴州市人体重点寄生虫病原谱以钩虫为主,感染率处于低位水平,但是感染因素仍然存在,需持续采取科学有效的措施以巩固防治成果。

Objective To understand the pathogen spectrum and epidemic status of major human parasites in Chenzhou City, Hunan Province,so as to provide the evidence for parasitic diseases control. Methods The survey sites were selected by the stratified cluster sampling method. The intestinal helminthic eggs were detected by Kato？Katz technique. The trophozoites or cysts of intestinal protozoa were detected by saline smear and iodine staining methods. The eggs of Enterubius vermicularis of children from 3 to 6 years old were detected by the cellophane anal swab method. The species of hookworm were identified by the filter paper strip culture method. Results A total of 7 031 people were detected with the intestinal helminthic infective rate of 1.83% （129 cases）. The major parasite was hookworm and there was a statistically significant difference of the infection rates among various parasites （c2 = 107.77, P 〈 0.01）. All the hookworm larvae were Necator americanus. No intestinal protozoon was detected. There were statistically significant differences of the infection rates among the counties （c2 = 25.77, P 〈 0.01）. The age of the patients was mainly focused on 30 and above years old and the infection rate was increased with the growth of age （c2 = 26.21, P 〈 0.01）. Farmers were the main population of the patients and there was a statistically significant difference of the infection rates between farmer and others （c2 = 29.67, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions The infection rates of parasites are low and hookworm is the main parasite in the pathogen spectrum in Chenzhou City. However, the infection factors still exist, therefore, effective and scientific measures should be taken to consolidate the achievement.