从沃森“神的标准化”看妈祖信仰的在地化

Analyzing the Phenomenons of Mazu Belief's Localization from James Watson's "Standardizing the Gods"

借用美国人类学家詹姆斯·沃森提出的"神的标准化"概念,剖析妈祖信仰兴起与国家政权之关系,列举妈祖神像、称呼、仪式、信仰功能等在地化现象,认为自然环境影响、社会环境推动和风俗文化助力是妈祖信仰在地化的三大原因。

The paper uses the concepts of ＂Standardization of God＂ which was put forward by American anthropologist James L. Watson. It analyzes the relationship between the rise of Mazu belief and state political power. It enumerates the localization phenomenon of Mazu＇s statue, appellation, ceremony and belief function, and summarizes three reasons of Mazu beliefs localization which are natural environment influence, social environment impulse and customs culture assistance.