等通道转角挤压过程中材料的受力及变形均匀性

Uniformity of stress and deformation materials during equal-channel-angular pressing process

利用DEFORM-3D软件对纯铝和纯铜的ECAP过程进行模拟,得到不同挤压路径和模具内角时材料的载荷变化和等效应力、应变分布规律.结果表明:模具内角对材料变形所需载荷有显著作用;内角度数越大变形越易进行,但不利于变形量的累积,90°时材料受力较为均匀.不同挤压路径对材料的变形均匀性影响也不同,Bc路径能最有效地提高材料变形均匀性.

The finite element software DEFORM-3D was used to simulate the process of equal-channel angular pressing of pure aluminum and pure copper, and the patterns of load variation and equivalent stress and strain distribution of the materials were obtained in the case of various extrusion paths and die＇s inner angles. The result showed that the die angle would have a remarkable effect on the deformational load of the materials. The larger the angle was, the easier the deformation would be, but would not be advanta- geous to the accumulation of the deformation magnitude. The stress of the materials would be uniform only when the angle was 90~. The influence of different extrusion paths on the deformation uniformity of the materials would be different, also; the Bc path would be the most effective one for improving the uniformity of the material deformation.