沉积盆地“源-汇”系统研究新进展

New advances of the “Source-to-Sink”system research in sedimentary basin

近年来,"源-汇"研究已逐渐成为沉积学领域颇为关注的重要课题。系统梳理了国内外"源-汇"系统研究取得的新进展,分析总结了沉积体系"源-汇"研究思路与多方法综合分析技术,并指出了"源-汇"系统研究未来的发展趋势。大陆边缘盆地沉积体系的"源-汇"研究集中于沉积事件的触发机制和沉积物的搬运过程,复杂陆相断陷盆地在储层预测方面创新形成了"源-汇"时空耦合控砂原理及相应的控砂模式。"源-汇"研究将多方法物源示踪分析应用于古源区恢复与古水系重建中。针对陆相断陷盆地局部物源背景下的"源-汇"系统,潜在剥蚀区的层序地层学精细研究恢复了隐伏物源区地质历史时期的真实面貌。"源-汇"系统要素的定量化表征与储层的定量预测正在逐步探索之中,建立从源到汇的定量响应关系是最终目的,而在"源-汇"系统定量化约束下的沉积过程模拟,为少井条件下储层预测提供了有力支持。重视物源体系研究、定量化储层预测、多学科、多方法融合、过程化与机制化研究,形成工业化应用标准是未来沉积体系"源-汇"研究的发展趋势。

The ＂Source-to-Sink＂ system has been the focus of sedimentology research in recent years.In this paper,new research advances of ＂Source-to-Sink＂ at home and abroad are systematically reviewed,research methods and multi-methods integrated analysis technologies of the ＂Source-to-Sink＂ system are summarized and research trends are predicted.The ＂Source-to-Sink＂ system in continental margin basins focuses on the drivers of sedimentary event and transportation process,while in complex continental rift basins,principle of temporal-spatial coupled ＂Source-to-Sink＂ sandstone control and corresponding sandstone distribution models have been innovatively established.The ＂Source-to-Sink＂ research also focuses on application of multiple methods in sediment tracing to reveal paleo-provenance and reconstruct paleo-drainage.For the ＂Source-to-Sink＂ system in a provenance of continental rift basins,detailed analysis of sequence stratigraphy in potential eroded zone recovers the initial features of disappeared provenance in geological history.Quantitative characterization of the elements in the ＂Source-to-Sink＂ system and quantitative reservoir prediction has been under study,and establishment of quantitative relationship from source to sink is the final purpose.Sedimentary process simulation under the quantitative constraint provides significant support to reservoir prediction in sparse wells conditions.The research trends of ＂Source-to-Sink＂ include the following aspects：to improve provenance system research,to experiment on quantitative reservoir prediction,to combine multiple subjects and methods,to emphasize on process and mechanism analysis,and to form industrial application standard.