海相深水碎屑岩层序地层学理论进展及关键问题

Theory progress and key issues of deep water marine clastic sequence stratigraphy

深水环境地质特征复杂,资料缺乏,有关海相深水碎屑岩层序地层学理论认识仍没有形成相对统一的观点。基于层序地层样式、层序单元界面、体系域构成及沉积体系分布位置等特征分析,阐述了经典的层序地层模式、基于深水体系类型划分的层序地层模式、基于深水沉积构型要素叠置样式的层序地层模式、基于四分体系域模型的层序地层模式和基于沉积物理界面的层序地层模式对深水碎屑岩沉积体系的处理方式或思路以及各种模式在深水沉积研究中的优缺点和适用条件。梳理了深水沉积"源-汇"过程与层序地层异源控制因素、深水基准面变化、深水层序地层级次划分和深水自旋回沉积等在深水层序地层学研究过程中一些关键问题,提倡在深水油气储层级别研究中,可开展基于资料和物理界面限定下高分辨率层序地层分析。

Due to the complexity of geological characteristics and lack of available data,there is still no commonly accep-ted view of theoretical cognition on deep water marine clastic sequence stratigraphy.This article overviews recently well-known sequence stratigraphic models worldwide,including classic sequence stratigraphic model,sequence stratigraphic model built based on deep-water system classification,that built on deep water sediment architectural superimposition style,that built based on quartered system tracts and that built based on physical sedimentary interfaces.It emphasizes on analyzing approaches and ideas of different models,advantages and disadvantages as well as the application condition in the deep water sedimentary research.We also summarize the key issues such as source-to-sink process of deep water sedimentation and allogenic factors of sequence stratigraphy,base level changes of deep water,order division of deep water sequence stratigraphy and auto-cycle of deep water.A high resolution sequence stratigraphic analysis based on available data and limited by physical interfaces is proposed for deep reservoir research.