沙尘暴防治中的若干问题探讨

Discussion on Prevention Problems of Sand Dust Storm

指出了沙尘暴是在特定时空条件下所发生的一种自然天气现象,而近几年来,人们忽视其自然规律,开展了大规模的防沙治沙活动,造成了新一轮的生态干扰,在研究领域方面也过分地偏重沙尘暴的危害防治。阐述了沙尘暴在给人们的生产生活带来危害的同时,也对全球气候变化和生态环境具有十分重要的作用,集中表现在三个方面:1生态效应:具有促进生物体繁殖扩散、提供丰富的矿质营养源、沙尘粒子的中和作用和吸附作用;2环境效应:沙尘粒子对海陆两地之间的能流、物流、信息流具有十分重要的作用;3气候效应:沙尘粒子的"阳伞效应"、"冰核效应"和"铁肥料效应"。提出了在未来的研究中应该加强沙尘暴生态环境效应与科学治理方面的工作,这对于正确认识沙尘暴、界定沙尘暴的防治目标和范围具有重要的理论和指导意义。

Sand dust storm is a common natural phenomenon which happens in particular time--space conditions; the frequency and intensity of sand dust storm have occurred due to the excessive interference of human being. There is a panic reaction to the sand dust storm. However, it has an important ecological impact on the global and regional environment, focusing on：（1） ecological effects： it can accelerate the biological breed disperse, provide mineral nutrition for plants, neutralize the acid rain, purify the atmosphere;（2） environmental effects： dust particles are the main source of nutrients in the ocean; （3）climate effect： Sun umbrella effect; ice core effect; iron fertilization effect. So it is one-- sided which sand dust storm is the result of excessive human activity currently. And on the behavior of the sand dust storm prevention and control of large--scale ecological construction projects, ignoring the natural law, which resulted in ecological interference again. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitative research on the effects of ecological and environmental of sand dust storm, which has important theoretical and guiding significance for the accurate understanding of and definition of sand dust storm.