亚丁湾护航官兵疾病调查与对比分析

Diseases of soldiers in Chinese navy escort fleets in Aden Gulf:an investigation and comparative analysis

目的分析多批亚丁湾护航官兵常见疾病构成情况与发生规律,为优化护航医疗资源配置、提高卫勤保障效能提供参考。方法选择2013年至2016年参加亚丁湾护航任务的4批次3 068名护航官兵,依据执行任务先后顺序分别标记为批次A、B、C和D。综合所有护航官兵的护航编队舰艇医务室门急诊记录、医疗情况周报与卫生勤务总结相关数据,对发病人次、昼夜发病率、常见疾病构成进行分析。结果 4批次护航官兵发病人次由护航初期向护航后期逐渐下降;批次C、D护航官兵昼夜发病率低于批次A、B(P<0.05)。4批次护航官兵发病人次排名前6位的疾病依次为呼吸道感染、胃肠道炎症、外伤、颈腰椎关节疾病、皮肤癣类、牙周炎症;各批次间前4类疾病构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4批次护航官兵失眠症状发病人次的构成比相对稳定(P>0.05)。结论护航常态化下,护航官兵昼夜发病率较以往下降;在重点关注常见疾病的同时,应积极探索提高舰员睡眠质量、减少失眠症状发生的有效方法。

Objective To analyze the spectrum and characteristics of common diseases in Chinese escort navy fleets in Aden Gulf, providing references for optimizing the allocation of medical resources and improving the efficiency of medical service. Methods A total of 3 068 navy soldiers who served in four escort missions between 2013 and 2016 in Aden Gulf were included in the present study, and they were marked as batch A, B, C and D according to the task sequence. The records of outpatient and emergency departments, data from weekly medical report and data from summary of health service were collected for analyzing the circadian disease incidence, morbidity per day and the composition of diseases. Results The incidence of diseases took a declining tendency from the beginning to the end of the mission. The latter two escort fleets had a significantly lower morbidity per day than the former two escort fleets （P〈0. 05）. The incidence rates of the top six diseases were respiratory infection, gastrointestinal inflammation, trauma, neck lumbar spinal joint diseases, skin tinea and periodontal inflammation in the four fleets. However, significant differences were found for the composition of the top four diseases among different escort fleets （P〈0. 05）. The incidence of insomnia kept steady in four batches of fleets （P〉0. 05）. Conclusion With the normalization of the escort missions, the morbidity per day of the escort soldiers declines in the later escort fleets. More attention should be given to improve the sleeping quality and reduce the occurrence of insomnia while still keeping an eye on common diseases.