《离》卦美学研究——中国古代建筑门窗艺术溯源

Aesthetics Conceived in HexagramLi [■,30]:Tracing Back to the Origin of Ancient Chinese Architectural Art of Doors and Windows

《离》卦美学对中国古代建筑有重要影响。《离》卦以"丽"、"明"二义为主。"丽"蕴含着相互附丽、利贞后亨的文化思想,呈现联系、利贞之美;"明"蕴含着上下重明、前后继明的文化思想,呈现"重明丽乎正"、"大人继明照于四方"之美。《离》卦揭示的丽、明的美学思想,将天文之明和人文之明建立联系,以人文之明德传承发展为旨向,成为中国古代建筑门窗艺术的文化根基,是中国古代建筑门窗艺术的美学根源,明德相继是门窗艺术"活"的生命,对当今的建筑门窗设计具有重要的启示意义。

Hexagram Li [30] exerted significant influences on ancient Chinese architecture, the connotations of which were mainly revealed by the two characters of li 丽 （lit., beauty or cohesion） and ming 明 （brightness）. The former con- ceives a cultural thought of something affiliating to each other ,and prosperity resulting from correctness and firmness, and presents the beauty of cohesion, correctness, and firmness;while the latter contains a cultural thought of double and consecu- tive brightness symbolized by the upper and lower trigrams of Li , and shows the beauty conceived in the ＂double brightness affiliated to what is correct＂ （Commentary on the Judgments） and ＂the great man cultivates more and more bril- liant （virtue）, and constantly sheds his light on the four quarters （of the land） like the sun and the moon＂ （Commentary on the Images）. The aesthetics of cohesion and brightness revealed by hexagram Li bridged the natural patterns and brightness and human culture ,establishing a cosmological strctrue of relations of brightness aiming at the inheritance and development of human brilliant virtue. This formed the cultural foundation for ancient architectural art in the design and building of doors and windows and became its aesthetic root. The continuity of brilliant virtues is the flowing vitality to the architectural art of doors and windows which can also provide significance of inspiration to today＇s design and building of doors and windows.