银川平原草甸湿地三种禾草构件特征及其土壤生境

Study on Modular Characteristic and Soil Habitat of Three Gramineous Species in Meadow Wetland in Yinchuan Plain

草甸湿地是银川平原干旱背景下特殊的湿地类型,对宁夏引黄灌区绿洲的健康发展至关重要。以银川平原草甸湿地常见禾草芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)、赖草(Leymus secalinus)、拂子茅(Calamagrostis epigejos)为研究对象,通过野外采样、实验室分析,研究了3种禾草构件形态特征、构件生物量特征及配置比例,分析了3种禾草生境的土壤特征。结果表明:3种禾草的构件形态、构件生物量差异显著(P<0.05),其中芨芨草各构件特征值最大,赖草和佛子茅次之;3种禾草构件生物量分配策略既有共性,又存在差异(P<0.05),其生物量分配模式以种群能够实现持续生存和繁衍为终极目标;禾草生境的土壤理化性质在小尺度上各有不同,因而不同禾草常以单优群落分布,在景观格局上禾草生境则受制于银川平原草甸湿地盐渍化特征和土壤水分梯度差异。该研究为宁夏引黄灌区沟渠廊道生态建设和盐碱草地植被恢复提供了科学依据。

In arid background,meadow wetland is a special wetland in Yinchuan Plain,which is essential for healthy development of Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Region.In the study area,Achnatherum splendens,Leymus secalinus,Calamagrostis epigejos were the common species in the meadow wetlands of Yinchuan Plain.In this study,morphological characteristic of modular,modular biomass and allocation patterns of modular biomass of three species were discussed,and soil habitat factor of three species were also analyzed by field sampling and laboratory analysis.The results showed that modular morphology and modular biomass of different species had significant differences（P〈0.05）,in which the characteristic values of Achnatherums plendens population was one of the largest,Leymus secalinus and Calamagrostis epigejos followed.Allocation strategy of modular biomass in different species was not only common,but there were differences（P〈0.05）.Biomass allocation model was based on achieving sustained survival and reproduction of the species as the ultimate goal.From habitat soil physical and chemical properties,the presence on the small scale was different,and thus different gramineous species were often dominated community profile.On the landscape pattern,the soil habitat was subject to salinization of Yinchuan Plain meadow wetland and soil moisture gradient differences.The study could provide a scientific basis for ditches ecological construction of Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Region and saline grassland restoration.