4-甲基-2-(α-甲苄基)酚铷钾萃取分离工艺研究

4-methyl-2-( α-methyl-benzyl) phenol extraction separation between rubidium and potassium

世界上92%以上的铷资源存在于盐湖卤水及地下卤水中,但卤水中铷与大量的物理化学性质极为相近的钾共存,致使铷的提取技术难度极大。文中以新型铷萃取剂4-甲基-2-(α-甲苄基)酚为研究对象,探讨新型萃取剂对铷钾萃取分离的工艺条件。实验通过单因素控制法得到铷钾分离最佳工艺条件:有机相组成为1.0 mol/L萃取剂和D60溶剂油,水相中碱度为0.5 mol/L的氢氧化钠,萃取时间3 min,相比(体积比)O/A=2.5/1(相比皆为体积比);水洗相比O/A=4/1,水洗时间2 min;反萃剂为2 mol/L的HCl,反萃相比O/A=5/1,反萃时间2 min。铷单级萃取率可达到75%以上,一级萃取后铷钾分离系数可达到25以上,铷的反萃率可以达到88.5%以上。4-甲基-2-(α-甲苄基)酚具有高效的铷钾萃取分离性能,为建立高钾卤水中铷的萃取分离技术提供了一条新的途径。

More than 92% of rubidium resources exist in salt lake brine and underground brine. The challenge of isolation and purification of rubidium from brine is its separation from potassium which has similar physical and chemical properties. 4-methyl-2-（α-methyl-benzyl）） phenol as a new extraction agent for the study, the technological study on 4-methyl-2-（α-methyl-benzyl） phenol extracting and separating rubidium and potassium was investigated. The extraction separation conditions between potassium and rubidium were optimized by single factor test method. The organic phase composition of 1.0 mol/L extraetant and D60 solvent oil, the aqueous phase alkalinity was 0. 5 mol/L sodium hydroxide, and extracted time was three minutes, the volume ratio of the oil phase to aqueous phase was 2.5 ; the washing volume ratio of the oil phase to aqueous phase was 4, the washing time was 2 minutes ; stripping agent was 2 mol/L HC1, the stripping volume ratio of the organic phase to aqueous phase was 5, stripping time was 2 minutes. The single stage extraction rate of rubidium shall be to 75%, rubidium and potassium separation coefficient reached more than 25. The rubidium stripping rate should be more than 88.5%. 4-methyl-2-（α-methyl-benzyl） phenol had highly efficient separation performance of Rb＋ and K＋ , which provided a new way for the separation technology between potassium and rubidium.